HUN2000 Section 08 Human Nutrition
Module 06 Final Exam
Question 1
Which of the following statements about essential nutrients is FALSE?
1.They must be obtained from food.
2.They are also called indispensable nutrients.
3.They cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body.
4.They meet the body’s physiological needs.
5.There are about 100 nutrients essential for the human body.
Question 2
Which nutrient provides a major source of dietary sulfur?
1.Fats
2.Protein
3.Fat-soluble vitamins
4.Carbohydrates
5.Water
3.Question 3
Which statement about fatty acids is FALSE?
1.They consist of a chain of carbon and hydrogen atoms with an acid group on one end and a methyl group at the other end.
2.Fatty acids differ in the number and location of their double bonds.
3.Naturally occurring fatty acids contain even numbers of carbons in their chains.
4.The short-chain fatty acids of meats and seafood are most common in the diet.
5.Fatty acids are organic compounds.
Question 4
Which term refers to a relatively new food practice that uses restrictive diets, ritualized eating patterns, and rigid food avoidance?
1.Amenorrhea
2.Bulimia
3.Cathartic disordered eating
4.Muscle dysmorphia
5.Orthorexia nervosa
Question 5
A less-preferred term for clinically severe obesity is ________.
1.morbid obesity
2.metabolic syndrome
3.leptin-resistant obesity
4.psychological-resistant syndrome
5.Prader-Willi syndrome
Question 6
Which of the following is a correct statement about the energy systems and fuels used by the body?
1.After 20 minutes of sustained activity, fuel for the muscles primarily comes from glucose that is broken down by glycolysis.
2.About 90% of the fuel is derived from fat at rest.
3.All energy systems are used at all times, but one system which dominates depending on intensity and conditioning of athlete.
4.An anaerobic energy system is the most efficient way to fuel the body for prolonged activity.
5.The lactic acid system is the predominant source of energy after 3 minutes of activity and until activity has reached 20 minutes in length.
Question 7
The phenomenon known as “hitting the wall” occurs in athletes when ________ is depleted.
1.water
2.protein
3.glucose
4.fatty acids
5.lactate
Question 8
Calories or kcalories are a measure of ________ energy.
1.heat
2.potential
3.surface
4.speed
5.light
Question 9
The influence of how a mother’s nutrient intake may change gene expression to increase the infant’s development of obesity or chronic diseases later in life is referred to as ________.
1.fetal programming
2.overnutrition
3.malnutrition
4.fertilization
5.critical periods
Question 10
_________ are the two components that make up approximately 15 pounds of the recommended weight gain during pregnancy.
1.The placenta and the mother’s fat stores
2.The amniotic sac fluid and the infant at birth
3.The maternal fat stores and the additional blood volume
4.The infant at birth and the mother’s fat stores
5.The increased size of the uterus and increases in the mother’s fluid volume
11. Question 11
________ refers to an increase to the size and strength of muscles in response to use.
1.Muscle hypertrophy
2.Muscle overload
3.Muscle atrophy
4.Muscle conditioning
5.Muscle fitness
Question 12
What is the best source of nutrition information?
1.Reputable news outlets
2.The family member who knows it all always
3.Registered dietitian
4.Health food store manager
5.Internet
Question 13
What is the most important predictor of a person’s mobility in the later years?
1.Iron consumption
2.Tobacco use
3.Chronological age
4.Regular physical activity
5.Flexibility
Question 14
It’s recommended that an athlete consume ________ of calories from fat.
1.15 to 35 percent
2.less than 20 percent
3.25 to 50 percent
4.20 to 35 percent
5.45 to 65 percent
Question 15
In general, woman with a waist circumference greater than ________ inches and men with a waist circumference of greater than ________ inches have a high risk of central-obesity-related health problems.
1. 24, 32
2. 27, 38
3. 35, 40
4. 38, 27
5.40, 35
Question 16
Which of the following does not represent one of the six classes of nutrients?
1.water
2.lipids
3.phytochemicals
4.carbohydrates
5.protein
Question 17
The CDC recommends older adults engage in strength training at least two (nonconsecutive) days a week, at a moderate to high intensity, for ________ repetitions per exercise.
1.10-15
2.15-20
3.20-25
4.25-30
5.35-40
Question 18
Which of these is an anabolic reaction?
1.Glycogen to glucose
2.Amino acids to protein
3.Energy release
4.Protein to amino acids
5.Triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol
Question 19
What product has the highest amount of saturated fatty acids?
1.Butter
2.Lard
3.Beef tallow
4.Coconut oil
5.Chicken fat
Question 20
All of the following are benefits of physical activity during pregnancy except
1.reduced stress.
2.fewer discomforts associated with pregnancy.
3.maintenance of health habits to help lose weight after birth.
4.weight maintenance or loss.
5.reduced risk for gestational hypertension.
Question 21
Which of the following accurately describes concerns about water intake in elderly people?
1.They may not feel thirsty or recognize dryness of the mouth.
2.They have an increased total body water content compared with younger adults.
3.They urinate more frequently, so require greater hydration.
4.They tend toward overhydration, which results in mental lapses and disorientation.
5.They develop pressure ulcers and urinary tract infections due to abundant intake of foods with high-water content.
Question 22
What is the simplest nutrient?
1.Minerals
2.Taffy
3.Protein
4.Carbohydrates
5.Vitamins
Question 23
What organ retains or releases body fluids, thereby regulating blood volume and blood pressure?
1.Liver
2.Heart
3.Kidneys
4.Bladder
5.Pancreas
Question 24
The body’s primary source of glucose during physical activity is ________.
1.ATP
2.NAD
3.glycogen
4.creatine phosphate
5.lactate
Question 25
What is the leading cause of pediatric hypertension?
1. Obesity
2. High sodium intake
3. Insufficient calcium intake
4. Potassium deficiency
5. High HDL cholesterol
Question 26
Which of the following terms is defined as the science of how nutrients affect the activities of genes and how genes affect the activities of nutrients?
1.Genetic counseling
2.Nutritional genomics
3.Genetic metabolomics
4.Nutritional genetics
5.Biochemical nutrition
Question 27
Compared to other women, obese women are more likely to have all of the following except ________.
1.complications during delivery
2.gestational hypertension
3.large for gestational age babies
4.gestational oxygen deprivation
5.gestational diabetes
Question 28
A child who develops antibodies to a certain food is said to have a ________.
1.food allergy
2.food intolerance
3.food-hyposensitivity reaction
4.transient immune suppression
5.food tolerance
Question 29
Consuming a sports beverage to obtain carbohydrates is recommended ________.
1.during all vigorous-training activities
2.during exhausting endurance activities lasting more than 1 hour
3.only during competition
4.once activities continue past 40 minutes
5.just before an athlete “hits the wall”
Question 30
With which of these factors is high blood triglycerides known to be associated?
1.High alcohol intake
2.Smoking
3.Type 2 diabetes
4.Underweight
5.Postmenopausal estrogen therapy
Question 31
What is the minimum number of glasses of water an older adult must drink each day to prevent dehydration?
1.200
2.4
3.6
4.18
5.10
Question 32
B vitamins have a major role in ________.
1.antioxidation
2.anticoagulation
3.antibody stabilization
4.collagen formation
5.energy metabolism
Question 33
What is the first dietary objective when treating a patient with anorexia nervosa?
1.Stop weight loss
2.Eat foods with a lower energy density at first
3.Decrease physical activity
4.Eat foods with higher fiber content
5.Decrease fat intake
34.Question 34
A healthy adult requires less than 40 kcalories per kilogram of body weight. A healthy infant requires about ________ kcalories per kilogram of body weight.
1.25
2.75
3.100
4.225
5.450
Question 35
There are ________ vitamins and each has its own special dietary role to play.
1. 8
2. 13
3.108
4.23
5.26
Question 36
Which of the following is not a risk factor for type 2 diabetes?
1.Age
2.A diet high in lean meats and vegetables
3.Genetics
4.Sedentary lifestyle
5.High saturated fat and/or trans fat diets
Question 37
Which statement is not true about how the body uses iron?
1.Most iron entering the body is recycled.
2.Iron can be lost from bleeding and sweating, as well as through the GI tract, skin, and urine.
3.Blood loss is the only way the body loses iron.
4.Surplus iron is stored in the muscles.
5.Iron is carried in the blood by transferrin.
Question 38
The term that describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells is ________.
1.deamination
2.photosynthesis
3.glycolysis
4.metabolism
5.Anabolism
Question 39
Sue has a BMI of 23.4 at conception. What is her recommended range of weight gain?
1.10-18
2.19-24
3.25-35
4.36-44
5.45-55
Question 40
Longevity is defined as ________.
1.long duration of life
2.a person’s age in years from date of birth
3.maximum number of years of life attainable by a species
4.average number of years lived by people in a given society
5.a person’s perceived mental well-being
Question 41
Which of the following is defined as the maximum daily amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most people and beyond which there is an increased risk of adverse side effects?
1.EER
2.UL
3.AI
4.RDA
5.DRI
Question 42
Foods rich in carbohydrates include all ________ foods.
1.plant
2.health
3.unsweetened
4.processed
5.low-fat
Question 43
Which of the following is a monosaccharide sometimes known blood sugar?
1.Glucose
2.Maltose
3.Sucrose
4.Fructose
5.Galactose
Question 44
Which of the following best explains why the environment plays a role in obesity?
1. The gene pool has remained relatively unchanged, but obesity rates have been rising.
2.Studies show that identical twins raised separately have body weights similar to their biological parents.
3.Body composition methods show that adipose storage sites are based on gender.
4.Uncoupling proteins explain variations in energy metabolism between lean and overweight people.
5.Food and activity behaviors influence genes.
Question 45
Caitlin is a 12-year-old girl and has started to menstruate. Caitlin needs an additional ________ milligrams of iron per day.
1.1.9
2.2
3.2.5
4.3.1
5.4
Question 46
What is the role of omega-3 fatty acids in immune function?
1.Maintain healthy skin and other epithelial tissues as barriers to infection
2.Regulate T-cell responses
3.Help resolve inflammation when it is no longer needed for the immune response
4.Protect against oxidative damage
5.Help maintain an effective immune response.
Question 47
The increased needs for ________ during pregnancy cannot be met by diet or existing stores so supplements are recommended.
1.protein
2.calcium
3.iron
4.zinc
5.vitamin B12
Question 48
An athlete getting ready to compete in the 100-meter dash will rely primarily on ________ for quick energy in this event.
1.Fat
2.Lactate
3.Creatine phosphate
4.Adenosine diphosphate
5.Glucose
Question 49
Of the following, which would be considered a fad diet?
1.Eating only cold, green foods for one month
2.Joining Weight Watchers and a gym
3.Eating mostly a plant-rich diet
4.Adding time and new activities to a current workout plan
5.Limiting sweets to once per month
Question 50
Why are vitamins and minerals sometimes called micronutrients?
1.The body requires only small amounts of them daily.
2.They provide only small amounts of energy for the human body.
3.They do not contain carbon.
4.They are fat-soluble.
5.They must be obtained from food sources.
Question 51
A person who eats a granola bar from a vending machine is most likely making a food choice based on ________.
1.habit
2.availability
3.body image
4.environmental concerns
5.cultural values
Question 52
Of all the amino acids, how many must be supplied by the diet?
1.2
2.22
3.9
4.13
5.17
Question 53
Which of the following factors lowers the BMR?
1.Aging
2.Fever
3.Smoking
4.Caffeine
5.Cold temperatures
Question 54
What proportion of adults in the United States has high blood triglycerides?
1.1/10
2.1/4
3.1/3
4.1/2
5.2/3
Question 55
The breaking down of body compounds is known as ________.
1.catabolism
2.de-activation
3.Anabolism
4.energy capture
5.ATP
Question 56
Anaerobic means ________.
1.requiring oxygen
2.not requiring oxygen
3.generating carbon dioxide
4.producing energy
5.producing nitrogen
Question 57
Putting a demand on muscles repeatedly by making them work harder is ________.
1.effective for increasing muscle tissue when combined with tripling protein intake
2.only effective for increasing muscle endurance
3.the most effective, safe way for athletes to add muscle tissue.
4.only effective for increasing muscle strength
5.causes overtraining and is an ineffective method for adding muscle tissue.
Question 58
The lowest continuing intake of a nutrient that will maintain a specified criterion of adequacy is called a nutrient ________.
1.allowance
2.requirement
3.tolerable limit
4.adequate intake
5.Recommendation
Question 59
Which individual is making a food choice based on values?
1.A woman who avoids gluten due to allergies.
2.A child who spits out his mashed potatoes because they taste sour.
3.A teenager who mindlessly eats potato chips while playing video games.
4.A man who eats oatmeal each day without exception.
5.A Catholic woman who fasts on Good Friday to honor religious custom.
Question 60
The motive for people who prefer foods they grew up eating is most likely related to their ________.
1.values
2.body image
3.ethnic heritage
4.negative association
5.economy
